Which of the following is a common factor contributing to turfgrass vitality?

Traffic is a common factor contributing to turfgrass vitality because it can significantly affect the health and growth of the grass. When grass is subjected to heavy foot or vehicle traffic, it can experience soil compaction, which limits root development and reduces the soil's ability to hold water and nutrients. Compacted soil can also inhibit air exchange within the root zone, leading to poor overall health of the turfgrass. Understanding how traffic impacts turf is essential for maintaining a healthy lawn, as it may require specific management strategies to mitigate its effects, such as rotating areas of use or enhancing the soil structure.

While some of the other factors, like soil acidity and over-seeding, can also impact turf health, they tend to relate more to the nutrient availability, grass variety selection, and overall soil health rather than the immediate physical conditions created by traffic. Improper lawn decorations may influence aesthetic appeal but do not directly impact the biological vitality of the turfgrass itself.