What should be the first step before applying fertilizers to a crop?

The first step before applying fertilizers to a crop is conducting a soil test to determine nutrient needs. This is essential because a soil test provides crucial information about the existing nutrient levels in the soil, pH, and other characteristics that can affect plant growth. By understanding what nutrients are already present, farmers and gardeners can make informed decisions on what fertilizers to apply and in what amounts.

This targeted approach not only helps in optimizing crop growth by supplying the necessary nutrients that may be lacking but also minimizes the risk of over-fertilization, which can lead to nutrient runoff and environmental concerns. Tailoring fertilizer application based on soil test results leads to improved efficiency and sustainability in crop management practices.

Estimation of crop yield, calculation of the field area, and choice of fertilizer, while important, should come after understanding the soil's nutrient status. Without this foundational knowledge, these subsequent steps may lead to ineffective or inappropriate fertilizer applications that do not meet the crop's actual needs.